- affiliated
- A competition run under the rules of a national governing body, where results count towards official gradings and qualifications. Affiliated classes usually require membership and horse registration, while unaffiliated events are open entry. What happens at a show jumping competition: 7 steps from arrival to rosettes
- collection
- The horse shortens its frame and shifts weight onto the hindquarters, lightening the forehand and increasing engagement. The stride becomes more elevated without losing energy. The British dressage ladder: 7 levels from first circles to flying changes
- combination
- Two or three fences placed close together with one or two strides in between, requiring the rider to maintain balance and rhythm through a sequence without re-balancing between elements. What happens at a show jumping competition: 7 steps from arrival to rosettes
- half-pass
- A lateral movement where the horse travels forwards and sideways at the same time, crossing the arena at an angle while staying parallel to the long side. It appears first at Medium level. The British dressage ladder: 7 levels from first circles to flying changes
- lead rein
- A long rein attached to the horse's bridle that allows the instructor to control the horse's direction and speed while the rider focuses on their position and balance. Your first riding lesson: what really happens from arrival to farewell
- lunge line
- A long line, usually eight to ten metres, that attaches to the horse's headcollar or bridle and lets the handler control the horse from the centre of a circle. What lungeing is, when it helps and 4 ways to start using it
- mounting block
- A sturdy step or platform used to help riders get onto the horse more easily and safely than mounting from the ground, reducing strain on both rider and horse. Your first riding lesson: what really happens from arrival to farewell
- seat bones
- The two bony points at the base of your pelvis that make contact with the saddle. A correct riding position distributes your weight evenly through both seat bones, keeping you centred and balanced over the horse. Improve your riding position: 5 changes you can make today
- side reins
- Training aids that run from the bit to the saddle or roller, encouraging the horse to work in a rounder outline. They should allow the horse to move freely and extend its neck. What lungeing is, when it helps and 4 ways to start using it
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